Drugs such as smoked tobacco, excessive alcohol or cannabis pose a serious problem for public health and the health care system. The independent variable is the amount of nicotine in microliters l and the dependent variable is the total amount of daphnia heartbeats per 10 seconds. Of the three agents tested, nicotine s peculiar effects make it the least useful in an educational setting. Nicotines effects are complex and vary with dose and exposure time while caffeine, surprisingly, has little or no effect on daphnia heart rate 1. Ethanol at 5% and 10% vv reduced mean heart rate to. Baylor 1942 found that daphnia exposed to 10 4 nicotine exhibited a 17 % decrease in heart rate. If the environment is warm the animal will be warm. In this lab, well be treating daphnia with caffeine a substance in coffee and chocolate, nicotine a. Key method we determined the effects of three concentrations of ethanol, nicotine, and caffeine and of a control solution on heart rate in daphnia. The purpose of this lab is to test what effect of nicotine, acetylcholine, epinephrine, caffeine, and ethanol on an organisms heart rate. On average, caffeine and nicotine caused an increase in heart rate while ethanol caused a decrease in heart rate, therefore. This figure shows a graphical representation of average heart rate of daphnia magna.
The effect of nicotine and caffeine on the heart rate of. Baylor 1942 found that daphnia exposed to 1024 nicotine exhibited a 17%% decrease in heart rate. The effects of caffeine, nicotine, ethanol, and tetrahydrocannabinol. Physiological changes in the heart rate of daphnia magna when exposed to stimulants caffeine and alcohol. Caffeine is a stimulant, which, in humans, causes heart rates and blood pressure to. The effects toxins such as caffeine, nicotine, epinephrine, ethanol and salt have on the daphnia magnas heart rate results the effect the various drugs caffeine, nicotine and epinephrine had on the daphnia magna is displayed in figure 1. In vitro experiments using human neutrophils showed a. A webcam above the eyepiece of the microscope to project an image of the slide onto a large screen may also help with counting. Heart rate and vo2 were significantly elevated in subjects after alcohol. After performing mannwhitney u statistical test, it was found that this increase in average heart rate of daphnia was significant with p from figure 3 it can be observed that there is a decrease in average heart rate of daphnia when alcohol was added. Effect of 21 mg transdermal nicotine patches and smoking cessation. Natures early warning systems national association of. What was observed is that a daphnia had an average heart rate of 153.
The night with nicotine patch showed significant increase in sleep latency. Biology daphnia lab report ashton alford the biology 110. Effect of nicotine on the heart rate of daphnia barbra. Fluoxetine exposure increased the filtration rate of daphnia, while the. The effects of alcohol and caffeine on the heart rate of. If daphnia moves too much, remove it from the well, put a tiny dab of vaseline at the bottom of the depression well, and then add the daphnia. For example, a 2005 research article in the journal of pediatric psychology reported a study of maternal smoking on the heart rate variability of fetuses. Initially, daphnia had an average heart rate of 275. It can be assumed that this trend would continue until the daphnia died.
Daphnia magna had to nicotine, the higher their heart rate. There are videos available on the internet that can be used to help students distinguish between the daphnia heart. The experiment was based on the questionbecause of the neurogenic pacemaker, will. Recognizing the fluctuating effect nicotine has on. We tested these chemicals on a daphnia heart because it is very similar to the human heart in structure and the daphnia is transparent making it easy to see the heart through the microscope. The results were inconclusive in showing that the 10mm nicotine solution and the.
Since your concentration range covers 6 orders of magnitude, use a semilog plot. Through the similarities daphnia and humans share, it is expected that nicotine will increase the heart rate. Daphnia microbiotests and others with lab cultured daphnias. Study on the effect of alcoholic beverages on the heart. An investigation whether nicotine affects the heart rate of daphnia is what this paper is explaining. In this lab, we observed daphnia magnas heart rate under the influence of various type of drugs, and were able to measure the effects of ligand binding. Effects of alcohol, caffeine, and temperature on the heart rate of daphnia magna joseph ezra gallo by124l mw 8. Effect of nicotine on daphnia control heart rate bpm treated with nicotine heart rate bpm heart rate 10 sec. Transdermal nicotine patch effects on eeg power spectra and. The results show that nicotine affects the heart rate without the interference of the autonomic nervous system to regulate the heart rate. A higher concentration of a stimulant will produce more action potentials in the cardiac cells. Further, these substances are also related as they are or have been on the prohibited list of the world antidoping. Journal of undergraduate biology laboratory investigations.
Increased exposure time of daphnia magna to nicotine. We determined their effects, the time necessary to achieve those effects, and whether or not the effects could be reversed. Comparing the means of the heart rate at 50% and 75% concentrations, the pvalue is 0. The affect of nicotine concentration on daphnia magna heart. If a daphnia is placed in a solution other than pond water then it will negatively affect the creature by either increasing or decreasing its heart rate. Appropriate biology level introductory or advanced length of lab a suggested time allotment follows. The effects of nicotine on the cardiovascular system.
Receptors and ligands abstract the connection between ligand binding to eliciting physiological responses is a fundamental mechanism that is a major characteristic of organisms. The higher the concentration of alcohol, the lower daphnia s heart rate got. Videos were taken to view the daphnia without the nicotine solution and with nicotine. In this experiment, we studied the effects of the concentration of two stimulants, caffeine and nicotine, on the heart rate in daphnia magna. Nicotine would be a difficult compound to work with in a daphnia heart rate lab.
If the data had supported the hypothesis the daphnia would have had a higher heart rate at 45 degrees rather than dying. Extra the effect of nicotine and caffeine on the heart rate of daphnia ew is that a bug literature cited what tests have been done with daphnia. How do the various dilutions of nicotine affect heart rate. Discussion our raw results show that the addition of caffeine, nicotine, and ethanol have an effect on the heart rate of daphnia magna. Why does ethanol slow down the heart rate of daphnia. For these reasons, a very large, sudden dose of nicotine could bring on a heart attack, irregular heart. Nicotine, acetylcholine, epinephrine, caffeine, ethanol. This means that if the environment is cold the animal will be cold.
Count and record the number of heartbeats per15 seconds of the daphnia in spring water. Lab demo for testing the heart rate of a daphnia magna. The daphnia heart rate had a larger percent rate of change when exposed to nicotine for 20 minutes 15 minutes 10 minutes. During this experiment, we tested the effects of 10mm nicotine and. By comparing the heart rates of daphnia in the two groups, you can tell whether the tested chemical is a heart stimulant, depressant, or has no effect on the heart rate.
Daphnia ljmu research online liverpool john moores. Nicotine at 100 mum reversibly increased mean heart rate by approximately 20%. The effects of drugs on daphnia introduction daphnia. The american biology teacher making the most of the daphnia heart rate lab 177 initial experiments focused on the effects of ethanol 1%, 5%, and 10% vv, nicotine 0. Heart rate variability biofeedback for smoking cessation full text. The chapter concludes that daphnias extreme sensitivity to.
The affect of nicotine on daphnia magna heart rate conclusions our hypothesis was correct and all predictions were found to be accurate the different solutions were over a borad range we were not able to determine the exact nicotine concentrations where heart rate would have. We conducted six trials for each of the chemicals, comparing 1 mm of nicotine and 1% of caffeine. Higher concentrations produced varied and sometimes irreversible effects. The effects of transdermal nicotine patches on the. Caffeine is a stimulant, which, in humans, causes heart rates and blood pressure to increase. Why are daphnia commonly used for heart rate studies. Smoked tobacco, excessive alcohol consumption and marijuana cannabis smoking are. The american heart association lists narrowing of the arteries as another immediate effect of nicotine on the cardiovascular system. Heart rate variability showed no differences between the 2 nights, but the low. These data suggest there is an increase in heart rate when a daphnia magna is exposed to caffeine and a decrease in heart rate when it is in a solution of alcohol. In this investigation, we observed the heart rate of daphnia magna as it was submerged in a 10 nm nicotine solution for 20 minutes. Caffeine, nicotine, ethanol and tetrahydrocannabinol thc are widely consumed substances in todays society 1,2. It was deducted that the alcohol and caffeine had a very notable effect on the heart, with alcohol slowing it down and caffeine speeding it up. The effects of alcohol on the heart rate of daphnia magna.
The rate varies with changes in the bodys need for oxygenrich blood. Abstract students commonly test the effects of chemical agents on the heart rate of the crustacean daphnia magna, but the procedure has never been optimized. The purpose of this project is to study the effect of ethanol and nicotine on daphnia magna. Sample results for this type of experiment using nicotine and alcohol can be seen at this site. What toxins affect the heart rate of daphnia magna. In order to test this, we added four drops of each solution on the daphnia magnaand allowed them to sit for seven minutes.
Effect of 21 mg transdermal nicotine patches and smoking cessation on heart rate variability. The constricted heart blood vessels decrease the amount of blood flow the heart can receive. The effects of caffeine on the heart rate of daphnia. Ashton alford march 29, 2017 the biology 110 the effect of alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine on. Daphnia and additives lab purpose the purpose of this lab is to test what effect of nicotine, acetylcholine, epinephrine, caffeine, and ethanol on an organisms heart rate. For each caffeine concentration, measure the heart rate of at least two individual daphnia, following the instructions in the measuring daphnia heart rate section, below. Investigating how caffeine effects the heart rate of daphnia. Nicotine causes a shortterm increase in blood pressure, heart rate and flow of blood american heart organization, 2007.
Table 2 showed the effects of alcohol on daphnia s heart rate. Internal structures are visible under a dissecting microscope due to the. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. View lab report daphnia lab report from biol 374w at duquesne. Ej925600 making the most of the daphnia heart rate lab. Baylor 1942 found that daphnia exposed to 10 4 nicotine exhibited a 17% decrease in heart rate. Daphnia magna has been used to study drugs with cardiac action such as acetylcholine, tetraethylpyrophosphate, pilocarpine, adrenaline and rotenone. Here, we report on the effects of ethanol, nicotine, and caffeine on heart rate in daphnia. Do this twice and then calculate the average number of beats per minute. The rapid releases of catecholamines caused by nicotine increases heart rate. Effect of caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, epinephrine on daphnia.
Daphnia lab report excellent essay writing services. We determined the effects of three concentrations of ethanol, nicotine, and caffeine and of a control solution on heart rate in daphnia. Students commonly test the effects of chemical agents on the heart rate of the crustacean daphnia magna, but the procedure has never been optimized. We determined the effects of three concentrations of ethanol, nicotine, and caffeine and of a control solution. However, many experiments have not shown the effects, it is going to use a ticker timer to count the heartbeats, where a markerpen will be used for too fast rates. The effects of caffeine on the heart rate of daphnia this lab was designed to show how caffeine affected the heart rate of daphnia after exposing them to different concentrations of caffeine for ten minutes. View lab report biology daphnia lab report from biology 110 at university of south carolina, sumter. A heart rate of greater than 100 beats per minute is considered a fast heart rate, or tachycardia.
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